IFC Formats

IFC data can be represented by various file formats [13]. A common myth is that IFC is only an intermediate file format. Instead, IFC is a schema, with a full file being only one of many possible ways to store or transfer OpenBIM data. Table 1 shows the various serialisations that can be used for encoding the IFC data.

Serialisation Summary
.ifc IFC-SPF format, a commonly used plain text format based on STEP
.ifczip IfcZIP format, where a single .ifc file is compressed into a ZIP package
.ifcxml IfcXML format, a plain text format
.json JSON format, a plain text format
.hdf: HDF5 format, a binary format
.sqlite SQLite format, a binary format

Table 1: Serialisation Formats for Encoding IFC Data

At the moment only .ifc and .ifczip see common usage.  Non-developer users, such as BIM modellers, need only recognise that BIM data can be represented in different formats. Content remains consistent across formats like .ifc and .json etc, differing solely in their presentation.